闽教五年级上册英语电子课本及学习方法指导

学习英语的关键在于持之以恒,并找到最适合自己的方法,通过不断运用和复习来巩固知识。那么,五年级上册的英语学习应该如何进行呢?下面将为大家介绍闽教版小学五年级上册英语电子课本资源,希望能为您的学习提供帮助!想要查看完整版电子课本,只需微信搜索并关注“5068教学资料”公众号,在对话框中回复“5”即可获取五年级数学电子课本资源。

### 五年级英语语法知识点

#### 一、名词单复数
1. **可数名词复数用法**:
– 用于“how many”后面;
– 用于“some/any/many/a lot of/two, three…”后面;
– 用于“these/those”后面;
– 用于“all the”后面;
– 用于“between”后面跟单一物体时;
– 用于“like”后面;
– 用于“are”前面的人称和名词(如we/they/the children)。

2. **名词复数变化规则**:
– 一般直接加“s”:如bears, students;
– 以“s, x, sh, ch”结尾,加“es”:如bus-buses, box-boxes;
– 以“辅音字母+y”结尾,改“y”为“i”,再加“ies”:如library-libraries, hobby-hobbies, story-stories;
– 不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, foot-feet, child-children。

3. **不可数名词**:如water, soup, milk, juice, tea, coffee, bread, rice, hair等。

#### 二、一般现在时动词的第三人称单数
(注:所有否定句、疑问句中,动词都用原形。)
1. **肯定句中用第三人称单数的情况**:
– 人称代词he, she, it作主语时;
– 单个人名、地名或称呼作主语时;
– 单数可数名词或“this/that/the+单数可数名词”作主语时;
– 不可数名词作主语时;
– 数字或字母作主语时。

2. **动词第三人称单数变化规则**:
– 一般情况,动词后加“s”:如works, plays, reads;
– 以“s, x, sh, ch”或“o”结尾,加“es”:如teach-teaches, watch-watches, do-does, go-goes;
– 以辅音字母+y结尾,改“y”为“i”,再加“es”:如study-studies, fly-flies, carry-carries;
– 不规则动词:have-has, be-is。

#### 三、人称代词、名词所有格及序数词
1. **人称代词**:
– 主格用于句中主语,如They are doctors。
– 宾格用于句中宾语,如in front of her, show her around, push me, teach you等。

2. **形容词性物主代词**:如my, your, his, her等,必须放在名词前。

3. **名词所有格**:表示所属关系,如mother’s, parents’。

4. **序数词**:first-second-third-fourth,一般与“the”连用,如on the first floor。

#### 四、动词填空
1. **加动词原形的情况**:
– want to +动词原形;
– would like to +动词原形;
– it’s time to +动词原形;
– can+动词原形;
– do/does/don’t/doesn’t+动词原形;
– let+动词原形;
– 祈使句中动词用原形;
– 否定句在句首加“Don’t”+动词原形。

2. **加动词ing的情况**:
– like, go, be good at, be;
– 后跟名词,如swimming lesson。

3. **动词ing变化规则**:
– 直接加ing:如draw-drawing, play-playing, read-reading;
– 以不发音的“e”结尾,去“e”加ing:如skate-skating, make-making, dance-dancing;
– 重读闭音节结尾,双写尾字母加ing:如run-running, sit-sitting, put-putting。

4. **形容词加名词**:如a beautiful girl;
5. **动词加副词**:如swim well;
6. **some和any用法**:“some”用于肯定句,“any”用于否定句和疑问句,但在委婉请求时也可用“some”。

7. **There be结构**:be动词选择取决于紧随其后的名词数量,如There is a teacher and some students。

8. **乐器前加the,球类前不加the**:如play the piano, play football。

9. **Who当作特殊第三人称单数**:如Who sings well?

10. **一般现在时构成**:
– 主语+be(am, is, are)+其它;
– 主语+行为动词+其它;
– 关键词:always, usually, often, sometimes, on Sundays, every…

11. **现在进行时关键词**:look, listen, now(be动词+动词ing,缺一不可)。

12. **and前后谓语动词一致**:如She often goes fishing and takes photos。

#### 五、句型转换
1. **同义句**:
– It’s time for sth=It’s time to do sth;
– What time is it?=What’s the time?;
– There is(are) no…(s)…=There isn’t/aren’t any…;
– have no=don’t have(any);
– has no=doesn’t have(any);
– I like picnics.=I like having picnics.;
– show sth to sb=show sb sth;
– give sth to sb=give sb sth;
– What a lovely ant!=How lovely the ant is!;
– That is Jan’s umbrella.=That umbrella is Jan’s.;
– What’s wrong with him?=What’s the matter with him?。

2. **否定句**:
– 有be动词,be后加not;
– 有can,can后加not;
– 只有动词,动词原形前加don’t;
– 三单动词前加doesn’t,动词变回原形。

3. **一般疑问句**:
– 有be动词或can/would,提前;
– 只有动词,句首加Do/Does,动词用原形;
– 注意:I’m变Are you;some变any;my变your;and变or。

4. **特殊疑问句**:
– 对数量提问:How many+名词复数+are there+介词短语;
– 对主语提问:What’s+介词短语。

5. **感叹句**:
– what引导的感叹句,修饰名词;
– how引导的感叹句,修饰形容词/副词。

#### 六、同音词与近义词
– 同音词:B—be—bee, C—see—sea, R—are, T—tea, U—you, Y—why, I-eye, too-two-to, four—for, here—hear, there—their, right—write, sun—son, no—know, pair—pear, it’s—its, buy—by—bye, hi—high, wear—where, aren’t—aunt, who’s—whose;
– 近义词:Many—lots of—a lot of, desk—table, like—love, tall—high, near—beside, too—also, listen—hear, look—see, class—lesson, glass—cup, home—house, beautiful—pretty, usually—often, hi—hello, speak—say—talk, river—lake, would like—want, go home—come home。

#### 七、反义词与对应词
– yes—no, this—that, these—those, here—there, go—come, open—close, big—small, fat—thin, tall—short, long—short, black—white, happy—sad, hot—cold, cool—warm, soft—hard, on—under, in front of—behind, in—out, boy—girl, man—woman, wrong—right, down—up, sit—stand, easy—difficult, take off—put on。

#### 八、特殊名词复数
– man—men, woman—women, policeman—policemen, child—children, foot—feet, fish—fish, people—people, Chinese—Chinese。

#### 九、三单动词变化
– 特殊:do—does, go—goes, have—has, teach—teaches, watch—watches, wash—washes, push—pushes, brush—brushes, catch—catches, study—studies, fly—flies;
– 其余直接加s。

#### 十、动词变名词
– 一般情况,动词后加er:teach—teacher, work—worker, play—player, sing—singer, find—finder;
– 以“e”结尾,直接加r:write—writer, drive—driver, come—comer, dance—dancer;
– 重读闭音节,双写尾字母加er:run—runner, begin—beginner, swim—swimmer;
– 部分单词加or:visit—visitor,act—actor;
– 本身既是动词又是名词:cook—cook, doctor—doctor。

### 文化板块
1. **U1**:Coffee is popular in Western countries. Tea is popular in China.
2. **U2**:In the UK, this is the ground floor. In the US, this is the first floor.
3. **U3**:You can see pandas in China. You can see bald eagles in the US. You can see polar bears in Canada. You can see kangaroos in Australia.
4. **U5**:In the US, we call a policeman a “cop”. In the UK, we call a firefighter a “fireman”.
5. **U6**:We write Chinese addresses like this. We write English addresses like this.
6. **U7**:Basketball is very popular in the US. Football is very popular in the UK. Table tennis is very popular in China.

### 五年级孩子学英语的方法
1. **多读多听**:英语学习从听和说开始,多听多说能加深单词印象。老师应采用多种方法鼓励口语练习,家长也应在家多鼓励孩子朗读和口语表达,逐渐培养语感。
2. **联想拆分单词**:如meat(肉)可分解为m和eat(吃),肉是可以吃的,只需记住m即可。其他单词可通过加字母、换字母位置或拆分来记忆。
3. **编顺口溜记忆**:如“点头yes摇头no,来是come去是go,我是I你是you,谢谢你thank you”。序数词口诀:“基变序,有规律,一二三要牢记,th从四起,ve要用f替,八加h九减e,ty变为tie,几十几,几百几,首数仍是基数词,尾数才用序数替。”
4. **归纳记忆法**:将单词按意义分类,形成系统网络,便于记忆和复习。

### 英语阅读理解问题
1. **声音是关键**:阅读的本质是声音的再现,文字能否形成声音直接影响理解。如中文的“反卧槽马”等术语,即使能读出声音,若不理解其意义也无法理解。
2. **声音输入不足**:阅读时文字无法形成声音,导致理解困难。拼读规则虽易学,但若声音输入不足,仍无法理解。
3. **外国人学习顺序**:外国人先通过听力积累,再学习拼读规则,自然能认识单词。如两岁孩子经过三四个月课程即可跟读,大孩子理解能力更强,一年内能快速入门。

通过以上方法,五年级学生可以更有效地学习英语,提高听、说、读、写能力,为未来的英语学习打下坚实基础。

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