高中英语必修二语法知识点总结大全解析

高中英语必修二知识点总结大全（人教版）

英语语法的学习对高中学生至关重要，它不仅是语言表达的基础，更是提升英语综合能力的关键。那么，高中英语必修二的语法知识点究竟有哪些呢？以下是小编精心整理的高中英语必修二知识点总结大全，供同学们参考学习。

一、直接引语与间接引语

直接引语与间接引语是英语口语转述为书面表达时的重要转换形式。直接引语是指直接引用他人原话的内容，需用引号标注；而间接引语则是用自己的话转述他人观点，无需引号。

（一）直接引语转为间接引语时的注意事项

1. 时态变化
当将直接引语改为间接引语时，通常需要根据转述动词（如said, asked等）进行时态的过去化处理。例如：
Tom said to me, “My brother is doing his homework.”
→ Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
（一般现在时→一般过去时）
→ Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
（现在进行时→过去进行时）

2. 人称、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等的变化
根据语境进行相应调整，例如：
She asked Jack, “Where have you been?”
→ She asked Jack where he had been.
（第二人称→第一人称）
→ She asked Jack where he had been.
（指示代词this→that）

（二）不同句式转换时的连词选择

1. 一般疑问句
直接引语若为一般疑问句，间接引语需用whether或if引导，并使用陈述语序。例如：
She said, “Is your father at home?”
→ She asked me if my father was at home.

2. 特殊疑问句
直接引语若为特殊疑问句，间接引语需用疑问词引导，并保持陈述语序。例如：
“What do you do every Sunday?” My friend asked me.
→ My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.

3. 祈使句
直接引语若为祈使句，间接引语需将动词原形变为不定式，并根据原句语气添加ask, tell, order等动词。例如：
She said to us, “Please sit down.”
→ She asked us to sit down.
She said to him, “Go away!”
→ He ordered him to go away.
She said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”
→ He told the boys not to make so much noise.

二、各种时态的被动语态

被动语态是英语语法中表达主语与谓语之间受动关系的重要形式，与主动语态形成鲜明对比。

（一）被动语态概述

主动语态强调主语是动作的执行者，例如：
They saw the little boy crying by the river.
被动语态则强调主语是动作的承受者，例如：
The little boy was seen crying by the river.

（二）被动语态的构成

被动语态的基本结构为”助动词be+动词的过去分词”，其中be动词会随主语人称、数、时态变化。常见时态的被动语态形式如下：

1. 一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词
例：Rice is planted in the south of China.

2. 一般过去时：was/were+过去分词
例：These trees were planted the year before last.

3. 一般将来时：will/shall+be+过去分词
例：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.

4. 现在进行时：am/is/are+being+过去分词
例：Your radio is being repaired now.

5. 过去进行时：was/were+being+过去分词
例：When he got there, the problem was being discussed.

6. 现在完成时：have/has+been+过去分词
例：His work has been finished.

（三）被动语态的特殊用法

1. 其他系动词：get, stay等也可构成被动语态
例：Their questions haven’t got answered.

2. 情态动词被动语态：情态动词+be+过去分词
例：More attention should be paid to the old in this country.

3. “be going to”/”be to”结构：be going to+be+过去分词；be to+be+过去分词
例：The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.

4. 被动语态与系表结构的区别
被动语态中的过去分词是动词，强调动作；系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，强调状态。被动语态可用by引出施动者，而系表结构不可。例如：
The map was changed by someone.（被动结构）
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.（系表结构）

5. 主动形式表被动意义
某些动词的主动形式具有被动含义，如open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等，此时主语通常为物。例如：
These books sell well.
The door won’t shut.

三、高中英语必修二短语知识点

1. cultural relics（文化遗产）
例：Many unearthed cultural relics were exhibited at the museum.

2. rare and valuable（珍贵稀有）
例：It is rare to find such a genius nowadays.

3. in search of（寻找，寻求）
例：He’s sailed the seven seas in search of adventure.

4. in the fancy style（以别致风格）
例：These clothes are too fancy for me, I prefer plainer ones.

5. popular（受欢迎的）
例：She is popular at school.

6. be designed for（为……而设计）
例：This room was originally designed to be my study.

7. belong to（属于）
例：We belong to the same generation.

8. in return（作为回报）
例：We gave her flowers in return for her help.

9. a troop of（一群）
例：He is surrounded by a troop of friends.

10. become part of（变成……的一部分）
例：It is part of the way we act.

11. serve as（作为）
例：The room can serve as a study.

12. have sth done（请人做某事）
例：We had the machine repaired.

13. be at war（处于战争状态）
例：The two countries have been at war for years.

14. remove（移除）
例：He removed the mud from his shoes.

15. in less than two days（不到两天）
例：The project was completed in less than two days.

16. There is no doubt that（毫无疑问）
例：There is no doubt that she will keep her word.

17. remain a mystery（成为谜团）
例：After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.

18. without doubt（无疑地）
例：He is without doubt the cleverest student I’ve ever taught.

19. the UN peace-keeping force（联合国维和部队）
例：The UN peace-keeping force is deployed in many conflict zones.

20. take apart（拆卸）
例：Take apart the pieces before putting the toys away.

21. rather than（胜于）
例：Tom rather than Jack is to blame.

22. by the light of the moon（借月光）
例：They found their way by the light of the moon.

23. for oneself（亲自）
例：One should not live for oneself alone.

24. do with（处理）
例：I can’t do with his insolence.

25. take notes of（记录）
例：Please take notes of the important points.

四、高中英语学习方法

1. 背单词的习惯
背单词是中国学生英语学习的传统方法，但需科学对待。建议：
– 72小时内重复记忆，而非单纯抄写
– 3天重复一次，一个月内多次循环
– 利用单词卡和白板辅助记忆
– 录制朗读声音反复听

2. 阅读的习惯
考试类阅读需注重题目分析，知识获取阅读则需主题分类：
– 考试阅读：题目比文章更重要
– 知识阅读：按主题分类，选择性阅读
– 避免用手指着阅读或默念
– 将书页视为图像寻找信息

3. 朗读的习惯
大声朗读能提升语感，建议循序渐进：
– 熟悉文章：模仿录音朗读
– 生疏文章：保持原语调朗读
– 带生词文章：边读边理解
– 最终境界：当众朗读并解释内容

4. 听写、交互传译
每天听写200字左右的文章，语速120-160字/分：
– 听写3遍，标点不能错
– 错一个扣0.5分，需严格训练
– 通过听写为交互传译打基础
– 与同学进行朗读和翻译练习

5. 写作的习惯
写作需注重清晰度和逻辑性：
– 考试写作注意字体和空行
– 主题句需明确，逻辑关系用路标词
– 复杂句可使用从句引导词
– 小说写作可用关键词重复埋线索

通过系统学习这些知识点，并配合科学的学习方法，相信同学们的英语能力会有显著提升。英语学习贵在坚持，希望每位同学都能养成良好的学习习惯，在英语学习的道路上不断进步！