八年级上册英语核心知识点复习指南

通过系统复习，可以更深入地理解和掌握所学知识，构建更完善的学习体系。以下是小编精心整理的八年级上册英语重点知识点，供同学们参考学习。

### Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?

#### [语法解析] 不定代词
不定代词是不指代特定名词或形容词的代词，需注意以下用法：
1. **some** 和 **any** 的搭配：
– **some** 多用于肯定句，如：I have some friends.
– **any** 多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句，如：I don’t have any money.
– 在某些疑问句中，**some** 也可用于期待肯定回答的语境。
2. **由 some、any、no、every 构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式**，如：Something interesting happened.
3. **定语修饰不定代词时，需置于其后**，如：Something interesting.

#### 知识点
1. **buy sth for sb. / buy sb. sth**：为某人买某物，如：I bought a gift for my mother.
2. **taste + adj.**：尝起来……，如：The cake tastes delicious.
3. **nothing but + V. (原形)**：除了……外什么都没有，如：I have nothing but time.
4. **seem + (to be) + adj.**：看起来……，如：He seems happy.
5. **arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方**：到达某地，如：arrive in Beijing / arrive at the station.
6. **decide to do sth.**：决定做某事，如：I decided to study harder.
7. **try doing sth.**：尝试做某事（尝试性动作） / **try to do sth.**：尽力做某事（努力达成目标）。
8. **enjoy doing sth.**：喜欢做某事，如：I enjoy playing basketball.
9. **want to do sth.**：想去做某事，如：I want to travel the world.
10. **start doing sth.** = **begin doing sth.**：开始做某事，如：We started eating dinner.
11. **stop doing sth.**：停止做某事，如：He stopped smoking.
– **stop to do sth.**：停下来去做某事（中断当前动作），如：He stopped to smoke.
– **dislike doing sth.**：不喜欢做某事，如：I dislike cleaning the house.
12. **so + adj. + that + 从句**：如……以至……，如：She was so tired that she fell asleep.
13. **tell sb. (not) to do sth.**：告诉某人（不要）做某事，如：Tell him to wait.
14. **keep doing sth.**：继续做某事，如：Keep practicing the piano.
15. **forget to do sth.**：忘记去做某事（未做） / **forget doing sth.**：忘记做过某事（已做）。

#### 词语辨析
1. **take a photo / take photos**：拍照，前者指拍一张照片，后者指拍多张照片。
2. **quite a few + 名词复数**：许多……，如：There are quite a few people here.
3. **see** [形容词] 看起来……，如：You seem happy today.
– **I seem to have a cold.**：我好像感冒了。
– **It seems + 从句**：似乎……，如：It seems that no one believes you.
– **It seems like**：好像……，如：It seems like a good idea.
4. **arrive in + 大地点 / arrive at + 小地点**：到达某地，注意：若后跟地点副词 here/there/home，介词需省略，如：arrive here / get home.
5. **feel like sth / doing sth.**：感觉像是……，如：I feel like eating something sweet.
6. **wonder**：想知道，后接疑问词引导的从句，如：I wonder who is coming.
7. **because of + 名/代 + -ing**：因为……，如：He can’t take a walk because of the rain.
– **because + 从句**：表示直接明确的原因，如：I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.
8. **enough + 名词**：足够……，如：I have enough money.
– **形容词/副词 + enough**：足够……，如：You are tall enough to touch the ceiling.

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### Unit 2 How often do you exercise?

#### [语法解析] 频率副词与次数表达
1. **频率副词**：always（总是）、usually（通常）、often（经常）、sometimes（有时）、never（从不），通常放在实义动词之前或 be 动词/助动词之后，用于一般现在时态。
2. **次数表达**：
– 一次：once
– 两次：twice
– 三次或以上：用基数词 + times，如：three times, five times
3. **how often**：多久一次，回答常含频率词组，如：once a week, twice a month。
4. **how soon**：多久以后，如：How soon will he be back? – He will be back in a month.

#### 知识点
1. **go to the movies**：去看电影，如：We go to the movies every weekend.
2. **look after = take care of**：照顾，如：Can you look after my cat?
3. **surf the internet**：上网，如：I surf the internet for information.
4. **healthy lifestyle**：健康的生活方式，如：Eating vegetables is a healthy lifestyle.
5. **go skateboarding**：去滑板，如：I go skateboarding with my friends.
6. **keep healthy = stay healthy**：保持健康，如：Exercise helps keep healthy.
7. **eating habits**：饮食习惯，如：Develop good eating habits.
8. **take more exercise**：做更多运动，如：I need to take more exercise.
9. **the same as**：与……相同，如：His opinion is the same as mine.
10. **be different from**：与……不同，如：Our cultures are different from each other.
11. **once a month**：一月一次，如：I visit my grandparents once a month.
12. **twice a week**：一周两次，如：We exercise twice a week.
13. **make a difference to**：对……有影响，如：Exercise can make a difference to your health.
14. **most of the students = most students**：大多数学生，如：Most students like English.
15. **shop = go shopping = do some shopping**：购物，如：I like to shop online.
16. **be bad for**：对……有害，如：Smoking is bad for your health.
– **be good for**：对……有益，如：Apples are good for your health.
17. **come home from school**：放学回家，如：I come home from school at 5 PM.
18. **of course = certainly = sure**：当然，如：Of course, I will help you.
19. **get good grades**：取得好成绩，如：I study hard to get good grades.
20. **keep in good health**：保持健康，如：Eating well keeps you in good health.
21. **take a vacation**：去度假，如：We are going to take a vacation next month.

#### 词语辨析
1. **maybe / may be**：
– **maybe**：副词，意为“大概，可能，或许”，多用于句首，如：Maybe she is late.
– **may be**：情态动词，意为“可能是，也许是”，如：He may be right.
2. **a few / few / a little / little**：
– **a few / a little**：表示肯定，如：There are a few people / There is a little water.
– **few / little**：表示否定，如：There are few people / There is little water.
3. **hard / hardly**：
– **hard**：形容词（困难）、副词（努力地），如：The ground is too hard to dig.
– **hardly**：副词，意为“几乎不”，如：I can hardly hear you.
4. **as for**：至于，关于，如：As for homework, I do it every day.
5. **sound (听起来), look (看起来), smell (闻起来), taste (尝起来), feel (觉得), seem (好像), grow (变得), get (变得)**：这些词可用作系动词，后接形容词作表语，如：It sounds good.
6. **be about (介词)**：关于……，如：This book is about history.
7. **here be + 名单 / are + 名词复数**：如：Here is a photo / Here are some books.
8. **find (found) + that 从句**：发现……，如：I found that most students like English.
9. **percent**：名词，百分之……，如：50% = fifty percent.
– **做主语时，谓语动词需根据其后的名词确定单复数**，如：50% of the apples are bad.
10. **not … at all**：一点也不，如：The movie isn’t interesting at all.
11. **It is + adj. to do sth.**：干某事是……，如：It is interesting to play the piano.
12. **the best way to do sth.**：做某事的最好方式，如：The best way to learn English is to practice more.
13. **take, spend, pay**：
– **take**：花费某人多少时间做某事，如：It took me two hours to finish the homework.
– **spend**：某人花费多少时间/钱做某事，如：I spent two hours on the homework.
– **pay**：某人花费多少钱买某物，如：I paid 100 yuan for the book.
14. **however**：然而，可是，表示转折，可放句首、句中、句末，如：I want to go, however, I have to stay home.

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### Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.

#### [语法解析] 形容词比较级与最高级
1. **比较级**：表示“更……”，结构为 **A + be + 形容词比较级 + than + B**，如：I am taller than my brother.
2. **副词比较级**：结构为 **A + 实义动词 + 副词比较级 + than + B**，如：He runs faster than me.
3. **特殊用法**：
– **比较级 + and + 比较级**：意为“越来越”，如：He is getting better and better.
– **the + 比较级 + and + 比较级**：意为“越……越……”，如：The more you practice, the better you will become.
– **主语 + be the + 形容词比较级 + of the two**：主语是两者中较……的，如：He is the taller of the two brothers.
– **两者在某一方面相同**：**A + be + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + B**，如：She is as tall as her sister.
– **表示两者在某一方面不及另一方**：**A + be not + as/so + 形容词/副词原级 + as + B**，如：I am not as tall as my brother.
4. **形容词/副词比较级前的修饰语**：可用 **much、a lot、a little、a bit** 等修饰，但不能用 **very、so、too、quite** 等。

#### 知识点
1. **have fun = have a good time**：玩得开心，如：Let’s have fun together.
2. **do the same things as me**：做和我一样的事情，如：He does the same things as I do.
3. **be good at**：擅长……，后接名词、代词或动名词，如：She is good at singing.
– **同义词组**：do well in，如：He does well in math.
4. **care about**：关心，如：I care about my family.
– **care for**：关爱，如：She cares for her sick mother.
– **take care (当心) / take care of (照顾)** = **look after**，如：Please take care of the baby.
5. **make me laugh**：让某人发笑，如：His joke made me laugh.
– **make sb. do sth.**：让某人做某事（不带 to 的不定式），如：My father always makes me clean the house.
– **make sb. + 形容词**：使某人保持某种状态，如：His words made me happy.
6. **be like**：像……，如：I am like my father.
– **look like**：外貌上的像，如：He looks like his brother.
7. **That’s why**：那就是为什么，如：That’s why I am here.
8. **It’s + 形容词 + (for sb.) to do sth.**：做某事（对某人来说）是……，如：It’s easy for you to do this.
9. **make friends with sb.**：与某人交朋友，如：I want to make friends with you.
10. **as long as**：只要，如：As long as you study hard, you will pass the exam.
11. **be different from**：与……不同，如：Our opinions are different from theirs.
– **反**：be the same as，与……相同，如：His opinion is the same as mine.
12. **though**：
– **adv.**：不过，如：I want to go, though, I have to stay home.
– **conj.**：虽然，尽管，如：Though he is poor, he is happy.
– **注意**：although 与 but 不能同时使用。
13. **get better grades**：取得更好的成绩，如：I study hard to get better grades.
14. **does (助动词 do/did)**：避免重复动词，如：I work harder than Tom **does**.
15. **be good with sb.**：与某人相处得好，如：She is good with her classmates.

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