初中英语重点知识汇总与学习指南

初中三年英语学习内容丰富,其中重点知识需要特别关注。以下为您整理的初中英语学科知识重点归纳,希望能助您学习进步。欢迎阅读参考!

初中英语知识重点归纳

一、引导词

1. 当从句为陈述句时,常选用that作为引导词。值得注意的是,that引导宾语从句时无实际意义,不充当句子成分,常被省略。例句:He told us (that) they would help us through the whole work.

2. 当从句为一般疑问句时,常选用if或whether作为引导词,表示”是否”。在whether…or not结构中,不能用if替换。例句:I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.

3. 当从句为特殊疑问句时,常选用what、when、where、which、who、how等疑问代词或副词作为引导词。例句:He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.

二、判断时态情况

1. 主句使用一般现在时,从句可选用各种时态。

2. 主句使用一般过去时,从句需使用相应的过去时态。但需注意:当从句描述客观事实、真理或自然现象时,从句时态不受主句限制,仍需使用一般现在时。例句:He answered that he was listening to me. Father told me that practice makes perfect.

三、宾语从句的语序

宾语从句必须使用陈述句语序,即主语在前,谓语动词在后。错误示例:He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job. 正确写法:He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.

特别提醒:宾语从句存在否定转移现象。当主句谓语动词为think、believe、imagine、suppose、consider、expect、fancy、guess等,且主句主语为第一人称时,从句的否定词需转移到主句上,其反义疑问句通常与宾语从句保持一致。例如:I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.

初中英语必备知识

动词

(1)动词的时态

① 一般现在时

一般现在时主要有两种用法:一是表示经常发生的动作,如:I always go to school at seven.二是表示客观真理或事实,如:The earth moves around the sun.

② 现在完成时

现在完成时主要有两种用法:一是表示过去发生的动作持续到现在,如:I have studied English for two years.二是表示过去发生的动作虽已结束,但其影响延续到现在,如:I haven’t had my lunch. I’m hungry now.与现在完成时连用的词语有:yet、already、before、since、ever、never等。

考查要点:

其一:have been表示曾经去过,如:I have been to America twice.说此话的人应已经回到国内。而He has gone to Japan.则此人目前已到日本去了。

其二:截止性动词可以有现在完成时,但不可与表示一段长度的词连用,如:The class has begun. The class has been on for five minutes.

③ 一般过去时

表示过去发生的动作或过去的习惯或反复发生的动作,如:Who broke the window? In those days, I studied hard at night every day.与过去时连用的时间状语有:at that time、ago、in 1949、just now(刚才)、last night、yesterday等。

④ 一般将来时

纯将来时的表示法:shall/will+动词原形,如:I’ll leave for Shanghai this evening.

表示按计划要做或可能做的事:be going to+动词原形,如:I’m going to help you tonight.

将来时的特殊表示法:

a. be+coming/leaving/going/starting/arriving,如:Don’t worry. I’m coming.

b. be about to+动词原形,如:He is about to leave, when the telephone rings.

c. 状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来,如:If it rains tomorrow I won’t go to the party.

初中英语知识

句型

(1)宾语从句

由疑问代词或副词引出的宾语从句,如:Could you tell me where the post office is? Could you tell me what he said? (what作said的宾语)

由that引出的宾语从句,如:They said that they would give me some help. (that仅作引导词)

宾语从句中的疑问句要用陈述语序,如:He asked when we would leave home.

(2)状语从句

状语从句包括时间、地点、原因、结果、目的等类型,如:I will come when I am free. I’m late because my bike is broken. He went so early that he got a good seat. She studied hard so that she would pass the exam.

状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来,如:If it rains tomorrow I shall not go to the cinema.

表示在一长动作进行过程中某一动作突然发生,则长动作要用进行时态,而突发性动作要用一般时态,如:When I’m reading a book, the telephone rings.

(3)反意疑问句

如:She can swim across the river, can’t she? It’s a fine day, isn’t it?

(4)感叹句

如:What a hot day it is! How hot the weather is!

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