高考英语必考知识点及题型深度解析与备考策略
高考英语备考不仅需要掌握核心词汇和语法,更需要对易错点进行系统梳理。以下是对高考英语必考知识点及题型的归纳总结,助你高效备考,提升应试能力。
### 一、高频词汇与短语精讲
1. **频率表达**
– 一周两次:twice a week
– 两倍数量:twice as many as, twice bigger than, twice the size/length/width of
– 一两天:a day or two, one or two days
– 再两周时间:another two weeks, two more weeks
– 许多学生:many a student has a book
2. **总结性短语**
– 总而言之:in a word
– 有能力做某事:be able to do sth., be capable of doing
– 怎么样:what about doing…/how about doing
– 尤其重要:above all
3. **行为与状态**
– 缺席:be absent from
– 全神贯注:be absorbed in doing sth.
– 接受(主观/客观):accept(主观)/receive(客观)
– 有权利做某事:have access to sth.
– 意外:by accident=by chance
– 交通事故:the traffic accident
4. **逻辑与关系**
– 根据:according to
– 考虑:take sth. into account
– 因为:on account of=because of(后接名词,不接句子)
– 指责:accuse sb of sth, charge sb with sth
– 钦佩:admire sb for sth
– 责备:scold sb for sth, blame sb for sth, sb be to blame for sth
5. **动词短语**
– 被用来做某事:be used to do sth.
– 过去常常做某事:used to do
– 习惯于做某事:be/get used to doing sth
– 达到目标:achieve the goal
– 穿过:across(上方穿过)/through(内部穿过)
– 担当:act as
– 执行:act on
– 采取行动:take action /take measures to do sth
– 积极参与:be active in…, take an active part in=join in
6. **比较与适应**
– 适应:adapt… to…
– 领养/采纳:adopt sth/sb
– 总计达:add up to=in all=come to
– 增加:add to the beauty/difficulty
– 把…加到…上:add…to…
7. **其他重要表达**
– 除了…以外(还有):in addition to=apart from=besides
– 足够的:adequate
– 承认/否认:admit doing sth, deny doing sth
– 被录取:be admitted into/to school
– 提前:in advance, ahead of time
– 利用:take advantage of, make use of, by means of
– 不可数名词修饰:a large amount of, a great deal of, a little, little
– 可数名词修饰:a great number of, few, a few, several
– 两者皆可:a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the number of(…的数量)
### 二、语法核心考点解析
1. **比较级结构**
– as…as引导的比较级:
– “as + 形容词或副词原级 + as + 被比较对象”
– 例:He studies as hard as you.
– 否定句:not so/as…as…
– 例:He can not run so/as fast as you.
2. **倒装句型**
– only引导的倒装:
– Only + 状语(或状语从句)位于句首,句子部分倒装。
– 例:Only by diligence and honesty can one succeed in life.
– 注意:only修饰主语时不倒装。
– 例:Only that girl knew how to work out the problem.
3. **虚拟语气**
– wish引导的虚拟语气:
– 对现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用过去式或过去进行式。
– 例:I wish I knew the answer to the question.
– 对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词用had + 过去分词。
– 例:I wish (that) I hadn’t wasted so much time.
– 对将来的主观愿望:would/should/could/might + 动词原形。
– 例:I wish it would stop raining.
4. **it形式宾语**
– it作形式宾语,真正宾语从句置于句末。
– 例:He has made it clear that he will not give in.
5. **宾语从句**
– 一般疑问句作宾语:if或whether引导。
– 例:I want to know if he will join us in the discussion.
– 原因状语从句:since引导。
– 例:Don’t eat too much sugar since it is bad for your health.
– 否定词前置倒装:scarcely…when。
– 例:Scarcely had he arrived at home when it began to rain.
6. **其他语法点**
– 并列句:and, or, but连接。
– 例:You are a student, so am I.
– 定语从句:who引导的限定性定从。
– 例:Do you remember the girl who taught us English?
– 倒装:否定词seldom前移。
– 例:Seldom did he speak.
– whether的用法:
– 例:I wonder if/whether it is going to rain tomorrow.
– 不定式做定语:
– 例:The only way to solve our problems will continue to be rejected.
– 原因状从:now that的用法。
– 例:Now that we have all the materials ready, we should begin the new task at once.
– 原因状从:for的用法。
– 例:He is absent today, because/for he is ill.
– 原因状从:as的用法。
– 例:The Singapore passengers begin to decrease as other airlines spread their operating range.
– 同位语从句:
– 例:I want to know the answer to this question who will be our next president.
– 不定式做目的状语:
– 例:We get up very early to catch the first bus.
### 三、高考英语题型及分值分布
| 题型 | 分值 | 总分 |
|——————–|——|——|
| 听力 | 1.5 | 30 |
| 单项填空 | 1 | 15 |
| 完形填空 | 1.5 | 30 |
| 阅读理解 | 2 | 40 |
| 短文改错 | 1 | 10 |
| 书面表达 | | 25 |
| **总分** | | **150** |
### 四、各题型解题技巧
#### 1. 英语选择题答题技巧
– **规律总结**:
– 三长一短选短,三短一长选长。两长两短选B,参差不齐选C。
– 以蒙为主,蒙抄结合,保证及格。
– 蒙题技巧:找共同点。
– 例:A.study, B.to study, C.learning, D.to read
– 共同点:study(两个),不定式(两个),选to study。
#### 2. 英语听力答题技巧
– **备考建议**:
– 考前背诵新概念二文章或英语课文,快速进入状态。
– 听力填空题需符合三个原则:语法正确、拼写正确、格式一致。
– 建议考前练习3-4套真题,熟悉规则。
#### 3. 英语完形填空答题技巧
– **备考要点**:
– 词汇:背过教材词汇,根据上下文推测熟词僻意和固定搭配。
– 语法:注意定语从句和状语从句。
– 上下文线索:空格线索在上下文中,需多读几行确认。
#### 4. 英语阅读理解答题技巧
– **文章与题目特点**:
– A/B篇:文章简单,题目有陷阱,仔细阅读是关键。
– C/D篇:文章较难,题目简单,找到问题出处。
– 建议:考前完成三套高考难度的阅读训练。
#### 5. 英语写作答题技巧
– **写作要点**:
– 审题细致,列出每个段落要点。
– 字斟句酌,避免语法和单词错误。
– 检查名词单复数、动词时态语态、从句用法。
– 留出足够时间,警惕定语从句和虚拟语气难点。
通过以上精讲与技巧总结,结合系统练习,相信你能在高考英语中取得优异成绩!
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