高考英语语法高分技巧精选必背知识点

高考英语并非简单的单词背诵,它更是一场对语法知识的全面考验。如何高效掌握高考英语语法?以下是精心整理的必考语法知识点,助你轻松应对挑战。

### 高考英语必备语法——常见连接词

连接词是构建复杂句子的关键,掌握它们能显著提升英语表达能力。根据功能可分为以下几类:

1. **表选择或对等关系**
either…or…、neither…nor…、or、as well as、and、both…and…等,例如:
“You can either stay home or go to the cinema.”(either…or…)
“Both students and teachers enjoy the party.”(both…and…)

2. **表因果关系**
therefore、so、as a result、as the result of、because of、due to、owing to、thanks to等,例如:
“Because of the heavy rain, the match was canceled.”(because of)

3. **表时间顺序**
the moment、as soon as、at first、then、later、meanwhile、at the beginning、in the end、before long、for the first time、the minute等,例如:
“The minute I saw her, I knew something was wrong.”(the minute)

4. **表转折关系**
yet、and yet、but、while、on the contrary、on the other hand、however、at the same time等,例如:
“He is poor, but he is happy.”(but)

5. **表解释说明**
that is、that is to say、in other words、such as、for example、for instance、and so on、and the like、and what not等,例如:
“The book is expensive, such as the hardcover edition.”(such as)

6. **表总结**
in a word、on the whole、in short、to sum up、in all等,例如:
“In short, we should study hard for the exam.”(in short)

### 高考英语必备语法——主语

主语是句子的核心,通常位于句首,表示动作的发出者或描述的对象。其构成形式多样:

– **名词**:
“The cat sleeps on the sofa.”
– **代词**:
“She loves reading.”
– **数词**:
“One-third of the students are from abroad.”
– **名词化形容词**:
“The rich should help the poor.”

### 高考英语必备语法——谓语

谓语说明主语的动作或状态,位于主语之后。其构成可分为:

1. **简单谓语**
由单个动词或动词短语构成,例如:
“He runs every morning.”

2. **复合谓语**
– **情态动词/助动词+动词原形**:
“You may borrow my book.”(may+动词原形)
“She has finished her homework.”(has+done)
– **系动词+表语**:
“I am a student.”(am+表语)

**注意**:简单句只能有一个谓语动词,且时态变化均针对谓语动词。例如:
do(一般现在时)、did(一般过去时)、have done(现在完成时)、will do(一般将来时)等。

### 高考英语必备语法——宾语

宾语表示动作的承受者,位于及物动词或介词之后:

– **名词**:
“They visited the museum yesterday.”
– **代词**:
“The teacher praised him.”
– **数词**:
“I bought three apples.”
– **名词化形容词**:
“They helped the elderly with their groceries.”

### 高考英语必备语法——表语

表语说明主语的特征或状态,位于系动词之后:

– **名词**:
“My sister is a doctor.”
– **代词**:
“This is mine.”
– **形容词**:
“The weather is warm today.”
– **分词**:
“The movie was exciting.”
– **数词**:
“Three plus four equals seven.”

### 高三英语必背知识点

#### 一般过去时

1. **表示过去发生的动作或状态**
“She traveled to Japan last year.”
2. **在从句中替代过去将来时**
“He said when she arrived, he would call her.”

#### 一般将来时

1. **表示将来动作或状态**
“I will meet you tomorrow.”
2. **常见结构**
– **shall/will+动词原形**(单纯将来):”We shall win the game.”
– **be going to+动词原形**(计划):”He is going to buy a car.”
– **be about to+动词原形**(即将发生):”The train is about to leave.”
– **be to+动词原形**(安排):”The meeting is to start at 9 a.m.”
– **be doing**(按计划安排):”They are leaving next week.”

#### 现在完成时

1. **表示过去动作对现在的影响**
“I have lost my keys.”(影响:现在找不到钥匙)
2. **与时间状语连用**
“She has lived here for five years.”(持续到现在)
3. **表示反复动作**
“I have visited this city twice.”
4. **表示未发生动作**
“I haven’t eaten yet.”
5. **从句中先于主句**
“After you have finished, we can go home.”
6. **与序数词/次数连用**
“This is the second time I’ve seen him.”

#### 过去完成时

1. **表示过去某一时间前已完成的动作**
“By the time I arrived, the train had left.”
2. **未实现的计划或意图**
“I had wanted to call her, but I forgot.”

### 高考英语选择题答题技巧

高考英语选择题主要考察语法运用能力,常用方法包括:

1. **排除法**
排除明显错误的选项,提高正确率。
2. **代入法**
将选项代入句子,检查语法和逻辑是否通顺。

**分值分配与时间管理**
– 单项选择(10分,每题0.5分)
– 完形填空(20分,每题1分)
– 阅读理解(50分,每题2分)

**答题策略**
1. **第一遍**:快速完成有把握的题目,避免在难题上浪费过多时间。
2. **第二遍**:重新审题,注意细节和关键词。
3. **平时积累**:做题量决定熟练度,熟能生巧是关键。

通过系统学习语法知识并掌握答题技巧,高考英语定能取得理想成绩。

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